Which of the following effects can impair signal quality in an optical fiber?

Microbending is a phenomenon that occurs when an optical fiber is subjected to small bends or undulations, which can distort the light path within the fiber. This can lead to increased attenuation and degradation of the signal quality, as the light may escape the core of the fiber or experience multiple reflections, reducing the overall signal strength reaching the end destination. Microbending affects the internal structure of the fiber, where even minor deformations can have significant impacts on the ability of the fiber to transmit data effectively.

Understanding the implications of microbending is crucial for ensuring reliable performance in fiber optic systems, as maintaining the integrity of the light path is vital for optimal signal transmission. Proper installation techniques and care in handling fibers are essential to prevent such issues from arising.