ISO defines the component performance of balanced twisted-pair cabling using the term _____.

The term used by ISO to define the component performance of balanced twisted-pair cabling is "Category." This classification system is instrumental in determining the characteristics and capabilities of cabling infrastructure, ensuring that the cabling meets specific performance criteria for various applications. Each category corresponds to different transmission frequencies and performance thresholds, facilitating the design and selection of cabling systems suitable for specific networking needs.

Categories like Cat5e, Cat6, and Cat6a not only indicate data rates but also provide information regarding factors like cable length limitations and interference immunity. This structured approach allows designers and installers to make informed decisions when planning network infrastructure, assuring compatibility and optimal performance of the installed cabling systems.