In the AWG system, how does a gauge increase of three numbers affect a conductor's resistance?

In the American Wire Gauge (AWG) system, as the gauge number increases, the diameter of the conductor decreases. Specifically, for every three-gauge increase, the cross-sectional area of the conductor is halved. Since resistance is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area, halving the area results in an increase in resistance.

When a conductor's diameter decreases, it naturally offers more resistance to the flow of electricity. Therefore, an increase of three numbers in gauge leads to a scenario where the resistance approximately doubles, reflecting the halving of the cross-sectional area. This relationship is essential for any electrical installation, as understanding how gauge affects resistance directly impacts circuit design and capacity planning.

Thus, the correct choice illustrates the significant effect that a change in gauge has on a conductor's resistance and highlights the fundamental principles of electrical engineering.